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The chemical component Panax notoginseng contains a variety of active ingredients of dammarane-type tetracyclic triterpene saponins. Ginsenosides -Rb1, -Rd, -Re, -Rgl, -Rg2, -Rhl, 20-O-glucose ginsenoside Rf, notoginsenosides -R1, -R2, -R3, -R4, - were separated from the roots. R6, -R7, gypenosin -Rb1, Rg1, Rh1 and dama-20(22)-ene-3β, 12β, 25-triol-6-O-B-D-glucopyranoside, etc.; from reed root: ginsenoside Rb1, Rd, Re , Rg1, Rg2, Rh1, notoginsenoside R1, RChemicalbook2, R4. The effective hemostatic ingredient agastine, also known as notoginseng, is extracted from the water-soluble part of the root. It is a special amino acid with the structure of β-N-oxalyl-D-α-β-diaminopropionic acid. , the content reaches 0.90%, and its optical isomer β-N-oxalyl-D-α-β-diaminopropionic acid is also separated, which also has hemostatic activity, but the content is very small; it also contains aspartic acid ( Aspartic acid), glutamic acid, arginine, lysine, leucine and other 16 kinds of amino acids, 7 of which are essential to the human body, and the average content of total amino acids is 7.73%. The root also contains an anti-cancer polyacetylene: ginsenotriol. The active Panax notoginseng polysaccharide A, an arabinogalactan, is also obtained from the root. It also contains inorganic elements such as iron, copper, cobalt, manganese, zinc, nickel, vanadium, molybdenum, and fluorine.
Effect on blood and hematopoietic system: Panax notoginseng has strong hemostatic effect, anti-platelet aggregation and thrombolytic effect, hemolysis and hematopoietic effect.
Anti-inflammatory effect: Subcutaneous injection of 50 to 200 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of Panax notoginseng root can inhibit the increase in skin vascular permeability caused by hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, α-chymotrypsin and histamine 11 %~36%. The total saponins of Panax notoginseng root have inhibitory effects on ankle joint swelling and foot swelling in mice or rats caused by carrageenan, kaolin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, egg white, and hyaluronidase. In addition, total saponins of Panax notoginseng have a significant inhibitory effect on the swelling of mouse auricles caused by xylene and croton oil. Effect on immune function: 160 mg/kg of Panax notoginseng total saponins can increase the number of hemolytic plaques in mice by 92%, and can also increase the phagocytosis rate and phagocytic index of peritoneal macrophages in mice. It can significantly increase the phagocytosis rate of rat alveolar macrophages, increase the total number of white blood cells and the percentage of lymphocytes in the blood, and reduce the white blood cell migration index.
Antioxidant and anti-aging effect:
Notoginseng saponins have a certain O2-eliminating effect, which is stronger than ginseng total saponins and Gynostemma pentaphyllum total saponins. Notoginseng powder slurry 200mg/kg was administered orally to rats for 4 weeks, which significantly reduced the lipid peroxide (LPO) content in the blood. Among the various tissues, only the brain tissue had a very significant decrease in LPO. After administration of Panax notoginseng, the SOD activity in the blood of rats tended to increase, but there was no significant difference. Among the tissue homogenates tested, only the SOD activity of brain tissue increased significantly, and there were no significant changes in other tissues. The total saponins of Panax notoginseng and stems and leaves can also extend the average life span of fruit flies, improve their flying ability, reduce the lipofuscin content of the head, inhibit the production of LPO in internal and external tissues of mice, and increase the SOD activity of blood and brain tissues in mice. It is suggested that Panax notoginseng can extend life span and enhance body vitality. Its anti-aging mechanism may be related to directly reducing the formation of free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and activating SOD activity in the body, thereby accelerating the removal of free radicals and reducing the damage of free radicals to the structure and function of the body.
Hypoglycemic effect:
More than 40% of the total saponins of Panax notoginseng are Panax notoginseng saponin C1. Intraperitoneal injection of C1400mg/kg can reduce the blood sugar of alloxan diabetic mice by 34%. The effect is enhanced with continuous administration and shows a dose-effect relationship. It has no synergistic or antagonistic effect with the hypoglycemic effect of insulin. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with total notoginseng saponins 210 mg/kg or Rg1100 mg/kg. Total notoginseng saponins could slightly increase the fasting blood sugar of mice, but the duration was not long. Rg1 caused the fasting blood sugar of mice to increase first and then decrease. Seven extracts A-J (mainly containing panaxatriol saponins) can increase the liver glycogen content of normal mice, promote the production of liver glycogen from exogenous glucose, increase fasting blood sugar, and have a tendency to reduce glucose hyperglycemia, showing two-way Regulatory effect.
Other effects:
Total notoginseng saponins have a growth-promoting effect and can significantly increase the weight of mice. They have androgen-like effects and can significantly increase the weight of the seminal vesicles of rats. Total notoginseng saponins also have anti-ulcer effects. Intravenous injection of notoginseng saponins is effective against pyloric ligation in dogs. It has a significant inhibitory effect on ulcers in rats. Notoginseng water immersion agent and total notoginseng saponins have inhibitory effects on a variety of bacteria and fungi.
Layla Liu
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Post time: Feb-10-2024